Vildagliptin ia a selective inhibitor of dipeptidyl peptidase 4 (DPP4). This enzyme breaks down the incretins GLP-1 and GIP, gastrointestinal hormones that are released in response to a meal. By preventing GLP-1 and GIP inactivation, GLP-1 and GIP are able to potentiate the secretion of insulin and suppress the release of glucagon by the pancreas.
Vildagliptin may participate in lipid metabolism. It plays a key role in attenuating postprandial hypertriglyceridemia, reducing serum triglycerides, apolipoprotein B, and blood total cholesterol levels. Vildagliptin is used in diabetes mellitus type 2 (DM2) therapy and may also possess vasculoprotective properties. Vildagliptin also helps to improve mitochondrial dysfunction caused by diabetes.
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